Tracking templates simplify tracking setup for a large number of targets by allowing tracking, measurement, and data collection settings to be defined once and applied to any number of target sets.
This chapter covers the following topics:
Information about monitoring standards
set tracking mode
Default templates (templates are applied automatically)
View the list of monitoring templates
Create a tracking template
Edit the tracking template
Apply tracking criteria to goals
Tracking Mode vs. Target
Compare measurement configurations using Information Publisher
8.1oMonitoring standard
Tracking templates allow you to standardize your tracking settings across your enterprise by allowing you to define tracking settings once and apply them for tracking purposes. You can save, edit, and apply these templates to one or more targets or groups. Tracking templates are specific to a specific type of goal and can only be applied to goals of the same type. For example, you can define one monitoring template for a test database and another for a production database.
The monitoring template defines all Enterprise Manager parameters that are normally defined for monitoring purposes, such as:
The target type of the template app.
Metrics (including metric extensions), constraints, metrics collection plan, and remediation.
Once you define a tracking template, you can apply it to your goals. This can be done manually using the Enterprise Manager Console, Command Line Interface (EM CLI), or automatically using the template collection. I see"Defining a Template Collection"for more information. For any purpose, you can keep custom tracking settings by defining indicator settings that will never be overridden by a template.
In addition to the templates you create, Oracle-certified templates are also available. These standards contain a specific set of indicators for specific purposes. The purpose of the template is indicated in the description associated with the template.
Example: calling a templateOracle Certification - Allowing the use of AQ metrics for the SI databaseContains metrics related to composite queues for single-instance databases. If you want to use AQ metrics, you can use this Oracle certification template. You can also copy measurement settings to your own templates.
8.2Definitiontracking template
The monitoring template defines all Enterprise Manager parameters that are normally defined for monitoring purposes. standard regulation:
Name: The unique ID of the template. Template names must be globally unique among all templates defined in Enterprise Manager.
describe: Optional text that describes the purpose of the template.
target type: The target type of the template app.
owner: Enterprise Manager for creating templates.
Measurement: Target type indicator. Tracking templates allow you to specify a subset of all pointers for the target type. Thresholds, collection schedules, and corrective actions can be set based on these metrics.
other collectibles: additional information (not metrics) collected about your environment.
8.3 default template (automatically apply the template)
In some cases, Oracle's out-of-context monitoring configuration may not be appropriate for the targets in the monitored environment. Incompatible measurement and data collection settings for some target types may result in unwanted/unexpected alert notifications. Enterprise Manager allows you to define default monitoring templates that are automatically applied to newly added targets, allowing you to implement monitoring settings appropriate for your monitoring environment.
notes:
Setting the default tracking mode requires super administrator privileges.
8.4View the list of monitoring templates
To see a list of all tracking templates, go toBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAfterMonitoring standard。
The Monitor templates page displays all ready-made templates and templates for which you have at least view permission. Enterprise Manager super administrators can view all templates.
From this page, you can start tracking the template creation process.
8,5create onetracking template
Tracking templates allow you to define and save tracking settings for specific types of goals. Therefore, specific Enterprise Manager privileges are required to create monitoring templates.
There are two types of resource permissions that can be granted to a user/role to create and/or view tracking templates:
Create a tracking template
This permission allows you to create tracking templates.
View any tracking template
This permission allows you to view any tracking template.
These permissions can be granted on the Enterprise Manager User Resource Permissions page or when creating a role.
Monitoring templates follow the standard access model: you can grant Full or View access to templates to other users or roles. View access allows you to view and use tracking templates. Full access allows you to view, use, edit and delete tracking templates. Template owners can change template access permissions.
By default, Enterprise Manager super administrators have full access to all monitoring templates.
Configure a new template:
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAftermonitoring standards.
Clickcreate. Enterprise Manager allows you to select specific targets or target types. Mode tracking settings are populated based on the selected target or target type. Clickto continue。
notes:
If the selected target type is web app or service, you will only be able to select targets for which you have operator permissions.
Enter the necessary template information on the General, Measurement Limits, and Other Collected Data tabs.
On the Measurement Limits tab, you can remove or add measurements to the tracking template. To delete existing metrics, select one or more metrics and clickRemove measurements from templates。
To add a metric, clickAdd measurements to the template. The Add metrics to template page is displayed as shown in the image below.
On this page, you can select the source from which you want to copy the metrics to the template. Sources include specific goals, other tracking criteria, or metric extensions. Clickto continueAfter the measurement of the modification template is completed.
After entering the necessary information, clickOK。
8.6edit atracking template
The Tracking Templates page lists all the templates that are visible. You must have full access rights to edit the template.
To edit a tracking template:
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitor, AfterMonitoring standard。
Select the desired template from the table.
Clickprocessing。
After making changes, click the buttonOK。
By default, the template owner (creator) has full access to templates, and the Enterprise Manager super administrator has full access to all templates. Only the template owner can change template access permissions. As an owner, you can grant a user or role the VIEW (view templates) or FULL (edit or delete templates) option.
8.7apptarget tracking mode
As mentioned earlier, tracking modes can be applied to one or more targets of the same type or to complex targets such as groups. For complex objects, the template is applied to all targets of the appropriate type. If you apply a template manually or via EM CLI, after applying the template, future changes to the template will not automatically propagate to targets: you must reapply the template to all affected targets
Manage template groups and collections: Automatically apply monitoring templates
Monitoring templates can be automatically applied whenever new targets are added to the Enterprise Manager environment. Automation through management groups and template collections Management groups are a special type of group used to automatically apply monitoring settings to targets when they join a group. When a target is added to a management group, Enterprise Manager applies the monitoring settings from the associated collection of templates, including monitoring templates, compliance templates, and cloud policies. If changes are made to the monitoring templates later, Enterprise Manager will automatically apply the changes to the appropriate targets according to the synchronization schedule. For more information, see"Using Management Groups"。
8.7.1Applying tracking templates
You must have at leastManagement objective indicatorsTarget permissions on the target.
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAfterMonitoring standard。
Select the desired template from the table.
ClickUse。
Select the desired application option and the goals you want to apply the template to. I seeSection 8.7.2, "Track Template Application Options"Get more information.
ClickOK。
8.7.2Tracking template app options
You can select an aggregated target, such as a group, system, or cluster, as the target. These criteria will apply to the relevant members of the currently existing group/system/cluster. If you later add new members to the group, you'll need to reapply the template to those new members. Template apps run in the background as asynchronous tasks, so when an app action is triggered, you can click the link in the Pending App Actions column in the main template pane to view all pending app actions.
Metric settings such as thresholds, comparators, and corrective actions are copied to the target when the monitoring template is applied. In addition, the metrics collection schedule, including collection frequency and upload interval, is copied to the destination. You can specify how Enterprise Manager applies the measurement settings in the template to the targets by selecting Application.
8.7.2.1Application of options
Template app options control how template metrics and policy settings are applied to targets. There are two template application options:
This template will completely replace all indicator settings on the target: When the template is applied, all metrics and policies defined in the template will be applied to the target. Previous target tracking settings not defined in the template will be disabled: measurement limits will be set to NULL or empty. This policy will be disabled. Alerts from these metrics and policies can be effectively dismissed by removing the current severity and violations.
Templates will only replace data that is common to both the template and the target: When applying a template, only the metrics and policies that are common to the template and the goal are updated. Existing target metrics and policies that are not in the template will not be affected. When selected, additional template options are available for indicators with set base values.
8.7.2.2Measurements using basic value settings
A key-value metric is a metric that allows you to track multiple objects with different thresholds. For example, the File System Free Space (%) metric can monitor different mount points with different warning and critical thresholds for each mount point.
If the template contains a metric with a baseline value set, you can choose from three options when applying the template to a target. For example, consider the case where a template has the following metrics:
File system free space (%)
| Node | operator | warning threshold | critical threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| / | GBP | 40 | 20 |
| /private | GBP | 30 | 20 |
| /u1 | GBP | 30 | 20 |
The host target has the same data in different settings:
| Node | operator | warning threshold | critical threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| / | GBP | 30 | 10 |
| /private | GBP | 25 | 15 |
| /private2 | GBP | 20 | 20 |
| Everyone else | GBP | 25 | 15 |
Here are the results for each option:
1) All key-value settings in the template will be applied to the target, any additional key-value settings in the target will not be removed
When applying a template to a target using this copy option, all template settings for mount points, /, /private, and /U1 are applied. Existing target settings for non-standard mount points are not affected. So the final settings of this target metric will be as follows:
| Node | operator | warning threshold | critical threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| / | GBP | 40 | 20 |
| /private | GBP | 30 | 20 |
| /u1 | GBP | 30 | 20 |
2) All key-value settings in the template will be applied to the target and any other key-value settings in the target will be deleted.
When applying a template to a target using this copy option, all template settings will be applied to the target. Any object-specific threshold settings found only in the target will be removed, and any object-specific thresholds found only in the template will be added to the target. So the final target setup will be as follows:
| Node | operator | warning threshold | critical threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| / | GBP | 40 | 20 |
| /private | GBP | 30 | 20 |
| /u1 | GBP | 30 | 20 |
| Everyone else | GBP | 25 | 15 |
3) Only the base value settings that are common to the template and target will be applied to the target
When you use this copy option to apply a template to a target, only the / and /private shared mountpoint settings are applied. So the final settings of this target metric will be as follows:
| Node | operator | warning threshold | critical threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| / | GBP | 40 | 20 |
| /private | GBP | 30 | 20 |
| /private2 | GBP | 20 | 10 |
| Everyone else | GBP | 25 | 15 |
8.8compareFollow the goal template
The expected effects of applying monitoring criteria for destination purposes are not always clear. Using Enterprise Manager's tracking template comparison feature simplifies the process of deciding how and when to deploy templates. This allows you to see at a glance how the measurement and collection settings defined in the template differ from those defined in the target destination. You can easily determine if your goals still match the tracking settings you've used in the past. This schema comparison feature is especially useful when used with aggregate targets such as groups and systems. For example, you can quickly compare a team member's measurement and collection settings with the measurement and collection settings in a template, and then apply the template as needed.
Run Object Tracking Mode Comparison:
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAfterMonitoring standard。
Select the desired template from the table.
Clickcompare settings. The Tracking Template Comparison page is displayed.
ClickAdd toAdd one or more goals. The Search and Select dialog will appear.
Select one or more targets, then clickto choose. The selected targets will be added to the target list.
Select the newly added goal and clickto continue. A confirmation message will appearCompare template settingsJob submitted successfully.
ClickOKSee the effects of your work. Note: Depending on the complexity of the task, it may take some time to complete.
8.8.1When is a measurement considered “different” between the standard and the target?
A metric is considered different if some or all of the following conditions apply (provided the metric target is not set to "pattern override"):
Warning thresholds are set differently
Critical thresholds are set differently.
Collection schedules vary.
The upload interval is different.
The number of impressions (the value that must remain above the threshold before an alert is raised) varies. )
For user-defined metrics, in addition to the above, the OS/SQL commands used to evaluate user-defined metrics are also different. Note that this only works for user-defined metrics with the same name and return type.
Measuring extensions marked for deletion will only appear as "other" in the destination placement and template if:
A metric extension with the same name exists in both targets and templates.
The return type (string, number) of the counter extension is the same in the target destination and in the template.
The measurement type is the same for both the target and the template.
8.9Compare measurement configurations using Information Publisher
In addition to using the Track Template Compare interface to view metric differences between tracking templates and targets, you can also use Information Publisher to generate reports that show differences in target templates. Using Information Publisher's reporting capabilities gives you more flexibility in displaying and disseminating metric comparison data. For more information, see"Using Publisher Information"。
zBusinessmenu, selectreferenceAfterPublisher's report。
Clickcreate. The Create Report Definition user interface appears.
On the General page, specify the report name, how goals are included, goal permissions, report period, and display options.
On the details page, click the buttonAdd toVisit the Add Item page.
Select Compare Tracking Template and clickto continueGo back to the project page.
After adding a quote, click the buttonparameter definitionicon that allows you to set the necessary operating parameters. On this page, you can specify a report title, select a tracking template, target target, and template application settings for multiple threshold measurements. Clickto continueGo back to the details page.
ClicksystemSpecifies how information is categorized in the report.
ClickannouncementConfirm that you are satisfied with the data and presentation of the report.
On the Schedule page, specify when the report should be generated, whether a copy should be stored and/or emailed, and how the stored copy should be cleaned up.
On the access page, clickAdd toSpecifies which administrator and/or enterprise manager roles can view the generated report. Additionally, if you have the GRANT_ANY_REPORT_VIEWER system permission, you can make this report definition available to unauthenticated users through the Enterprise Manager Reports website
ClickOKwhen you're done.
Check reference definitions. If conflicting parameters are provided, validation errors or warnings will be displayed, telling you what to watch out for.
After the report definition is successfully saved, it will appear in the Report Definitions list under the specified category and subcategory on the General page.
Find the schema comparison report definition in the list of report definitions. You can use the search function to find or filter the list of report definitions.
Click the report definition title. If the report has a specific purpose, the report will be created immediately. If no goal is defined in the report, you will be prompted to select a goal.
Schedule automatic report generation
Create or edit a report definition.
Select it on the "Schedule" page.Reference scheduleto choose.
Specifies the plan type. The plan parameters on this page vary depending on the selected plan type.
When scheduling a report to be generated automatically, you can save a copy in the administrative repository and/or email a version of the report to specific recipients.
If you schedule a copy of the report to be saved, a copy of the report will be saved each time the scheduled report is completed. When a user views a report that contains a saved copy, clicking on the report title will display the last saved copy of the report. To view the full list of saved copies, click the "Saved copies" link at the top of the report. Enterprise Manager administrators can generate a copy of the report upon request by clicking the Refresh icon in the report.
8.10Export in importMonitoring standard
For portability, monitoring templates can be exported to an XML file and then imported into another Enterprise Manager installation as live templates.
Great:
You can export templates from Enterprise Manager 10g version 2 or later and import them into Enterprise Manager 12c. .
To export a template to an XML file:
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAfterMonitoring standard。
Select the desired tracking template from the table.
ClickExit。
Note: If you are using Enterprise Manager 11Gor earlier using the EM CLIexport templateThe verb performing the fetch operation. Note that if your tracking template includespolicy principlesFrom earlier versions of Enterprise Manager (12Do), will not be imported into Enterprise Manager 12DoBecause there are no more rules in this version.
To import a template from an XML file:
zBusinessmenu, selectmonitorAfterMonitoring standard。
Click Import. The Import Template page is displayed.
Specifies the trace template XML file to import.
Clickto introduce。
8.11Enterprise Manager Update: Comparison of Monitoring Standards
When you upgrade from one version of Enterprise Manager to the next, you will collect monitoring templates that have been created for different versions. Starting with Enterprise Manager version 12.1.0.4, you can generate a Post-Upgrade Tracking Template Differences Report, which allows you to see which templates have been created for different Enterprise Manager versions. To generate a tracking template discrepancy report, run the fileOrdinancemenu, selectCloud management, AfterPost-Update Tasks。
8.12ChangeThe retention period of the application history in tracking mode
You can view the application history of the tracking template using predefined reports in Information Publisher. WithBusinessmenu, selectreferenceAfterInformation Publisher.On the publish information page, you can enter "template" in "template"titletext input field and clickI'm going. default referenceTrack template app history (last 7 days)appears in the reference list.
By default, Enterprise Manager stores application history for tracking templates for 180 days. If necessary, you can change the retention period to a value that suits your monitoring needs. While the retention period cannot be indefinite, it can be set for a very long period. Enterprise Manager provides the following PL/SQL API to change the retention period.
mgmt_template_ui.modify_purge_policy(p_retention_days=>）
This routine takes as input a number (number of days)